Growing Degree Units- FAO 56
Temperature is a key variable in crop development; therefore, many researchers measure development in thermal time rather than days. However, we hear this concept under different names: Growing Degree Days (GDD), Growing Degree Units (GDU), Thermal Units (TU), Heat Unit (HU). On this occasion, we will use the name GDD.
Ojeda-Bustamante et al. (2015) indicated that GDD is an indirect measure of crop development. This variable is estimated using ambient temperature and two temperatures that limit the biological activity of crops: Tbase and Tupier. These temperatures define the range in which an organism lives.
In the table below, the GDD for different crops is presented. This data was obtained from the FAO-56 manual. Note that most of the temperature values are just common ones and may vary slightly when it comes to specific varieties. For instance, maize can range from 8-10 oC for the low and 30-34 oC for the high, depending on varieties.
Base (T Base) and upper (Tupper) thermal thresholds — FAO Reference
| Cultivo (Crop) | Grupo (Group) | Tipo (Type) | Tbase (°C) | Tupper (°C) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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